After the Japanese surrendered on August 15, 1945, he had to abandon his occupied territory. This meant that the colonies initially conquered by the Western nations had to be returned. In fact, Western countries still have the right to continue to govern their colonies first. With regard to Indonesia in particular, the Dutch have been preparing since April 1944 for indonesia`s renewal. Since this month, the Dutch and British governments have been in talks in London and Kandy. The negotiations resulted in what is known as the civil agreement. The number of Japanese soldiers to be disarmed and detained in Sumatra, Java, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, West Palpua, etc., has reached more than 300,000 people. After their dismissal, they will also be sent back to Japan. In addition, there are approximately 100,000 Allied prisoners and internees who must be released and returned to their respective countries. The British were responsible not only for the reoccupation of Sumatras, but for all of Indonesia, so they included areas that were previously under the command of the South West Pacific Areas (SWPAC). But in practice, the British were free to reintegrate areas outside Java and Sumatra, because outside the two islands, the Australian army looked after them. The troops of the British-Indian divisions were the 5th Division under Major General Robert C.
Mansergh for Ostjava, the 23rd Division under Major General Douglas Cyril Hawthorn for Westjava and Central Java, while the 26th Division under Major General H.M. Chambers for Sumatra. 3. The entire territory of Indonesia is to be cleansed of the force of Indonesian troops and handed over to the Dutch by NICA on 15 August 1945, the authority over Java, Bali, Lombok, Kalimantan and Sulawesi was handed over by MacArthur to Mountbatten. Many argued that Indonesia`s fate would be different if the Americans were American soldiers and not British soldiers. The civil agreement is an agreement between the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This agreement aims to encourage cooperation between the two sides in order to clean up the entire Indonesian force, from Indonesian soil to net, and the entire territory of Indonesia will then be transferred to the Dutch through NICA. Thus the British came to Indonesia to fulfill potsdam`s mandate.